Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) for Enhanced Performance Monitoring and Feedback

Publication ID: 24-11857312_0007_PTD
Published: November 07, 2025
Category:New Applications & Use Cases

Legal Citation

pr1or.art Inc., “Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) for Enhanced Performance Monitoring and Feedback,” Published Technical Disclosure No. 24-11857312_0007_PTD, Published November 07, 2025, available at https://archive.pr1or.art/24-11857312_0007_PTD
This technical disclosure describes improvements that would be readily apparent to a Person Having Ordinary Skill In The Art (PHOSITA) when considered in combination with the foundational architecture disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 11,857,312.

Summary of the Inventive Concept

This inventive concept leverages fNIRS technology to monitor and provide personalized feedback on exercise performance, mental workload, and emotional engagement in various industries, including sports, music, aviation, and gaming.

Background and Problem Solved

The original patent focuses on hearing assessment using fNIRS. However, the technology's potential extends beyond this application. The new inventive concept addresses the need for real-time, non-invasive, and accurate monitoring of brain activity and cardiac activity in diverse fields, where performance optimization and early fatigue detection are crucial.

Detailed Description of the Inventive Concept

The inventive concept comprises a wearable fNIRS device and a processing unit that analyze brain activity and cardiac activity data in real-time. The system provides personalized feedback on exercise intensity and recovery time for athletes, detects early signs of fatigue, optimizes musical performance, assesses mental workload in pilots, and enhances gaming experience. The fNIRS device measures changes in oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin levels, correlating them with brain activity and cardiac activity patterns.

Novelty and Inventive Step

The new claims introduce novel applications of fNIRS technology, expanding its use beyond hearing assessment to performance monitoring and feedback in various industries. The inventive step lies in the adaptation of fNIRS to these new use cases, leveraging its non-invasive and real-time capabilities to provide actionable insights.

Alternative Embodiments and Variations

Alternative embodiments may include integrating fNIRS with other physiological measurement tools, such as EEG or ECG, to provide a more comprehensive picture of performance and mental state. Variations could include using fNIRS in different industries, such as education or healthcare, to monitor cognitive load and emotional engagement.

Potential Commercial Applications and Market

The inventive concept has significant commercial potential in the sports, music, aviation, and gaming industries, where performance optimization and early fatigue detection are critical. The market size is substantial, with potential applications in professional sports teams, music schools, flight training centers, and gaming companies.

Field of Art

Biomedical engineering and neuroimaging, specifically functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) technology for physiological monitoring and signal processing

Person of Ordinary Skill (PHOSITA) Profile

A biomedical engineer or neuroscientist with expertise in neuroimaging techniques, signal processing, wearable physiological monitoring devices, and experience in translating medical diagnostic technologies to performance monitoring applications

Obviousness Rationale

A PHOSITA would recognize that the source patent's fNIRS hearing assessment methodology provides a foundational framework for broader physiological monitoring applications. The core technical principles of measuring brain and cardiac activity using non-invasive optical sensing are directly transferable across different performance monitoring contexts. The PTD's variations represent predictable extensions of the source patent's signal processing and measurement techniques to new domain-specific use cases.

Obvious Combinations & Variations

Source Patent Element
Method of determining parameters of aural stimulation and processing response signals related to brain and cardiac activity
PTD Variation
Applying fNIRS to monitor exercise performance and detect fatigue in athletes
Obviousness Reasoning
Known technique of adapting physiological monitoring technology to new performance assessment domains, with predictable results of tracking brain and cardiac activity patterns
Source Patent Element
Signal processing techniques for removing unwanted signal elements like motion artifacts and measurement noise
PTD Variation
Real-time signal processing for gaming and pilot mental workload assessment
Obviousness Reasoning
Extending existing signal cleaning techniques to new monitoring contexts represents a standard engineering design choice with predictable outcomes
Source Patent Element
Measuring response signal parameters including peak magnitude, width, and lag time
PTD Variation
Analyzing brain activity changes during musical performance to assess emotional engagement
Obviousness Reasoning
Applying established signal analysis methods to evaluate cognitive and emotional states is a straightforward technical adaptation within the field of neuroimaging
Source Patent Element
Non-invasive functional near-infrared spectroscopy for physiological monitoring
PTD Variation
Integrating fNIRS with other physiological measurement tools like EEG and ECG
Obviousness Reasoning
Combining complementary sensing technologies is a well-known approach for enhancing physiological monitoring, representing an obvious variation to a PHOSITA
35 U.S.C. § 103 Summary: Based on US Patent 11857312's teachings of functional near-infrared spectroscopy for physiological monitoring, the present publication demonstrates that extending fNIRS technology to performance monitoring across sports, music, aviation, and gaming domains would be obvious to a person having ordinary skill in the art. The disclosed variations represent predictable applications of established signal processing and neuroimaging techniques, thereby rendering potential claims in these domains anticipated and non-patentable under 35 U.S.C. ยง 103.

Original Patent Information

Patent NumberUS 11,857,312
TitleHearing assessment system and method
Assignee(s)THE BIONICS INSTITUTE OF AUSTRALIA