Intelligent Spatial Filtering for Enhanced Electrical Signal Measurement

Publication ID: 24-11857341_0005_PTD
Published: October 28, 2025
Category:Future Evolutions & Paradigm Shifts

Legal Citation

pr1or.art Inc., “Intelligent Spatial Filtering for Enhanced Electrical Signal Measurement,” Published Technical Disclosure No. 24-11857341_0005_PTD, Published October 28, 2025, available at https://archive.pr1or.art/24-11857341_0005_PTD
This technical disclosure describes improvements that would be readily apparent to a Person Having Ordinary Skill In The Art (PHOSITA) when considered in combination with the foundational architecture disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 11,857,341.

Summary of the Inventive Concept

A next-generation system for measuring electrical signals, utilizing advanced spatial filtering techniques, machine learning, and adaptive connectivity to significantly improve signal quality and reduce noise levels.

Background and Problem Solved

The original patent disclosed systems and methods for spatial filtering of electrical signals, but these approaches were limited by their reliance on fixed electrode configurations and lack of real-time noise adaptation. The new inventive concept addresses these limitations by introducing dynamic spatial filtering, machine learning-based electrode configuration optimization, and adaptive connectivity to ensure high-quality signal measurement in diverse environmental conditions.

Detailed Description of the Inventive Concept

The inventive concept comprises a wearable device or system featuring a plurality of measurement electrodes and a controller. The controller is configured to dynamically adjust the spatial filtering of signals from the measurement electrodes based on real-time noise level assessments. Additionally, a machine learning model is used to predict optimal measurement electrode configurations for minimizing noise levels and maximizing signal quality. The system also incorporates adaptive connectivity between the measurement electrodes and the controller, which is adjusted based on changing environmental conditions. Furthermore, a neural network-based filter is employed to learn and remove noise patterns from signals generated by the measurement electrodes. The inventive concept enables the generation of high-quality ECG waveforms and other electrical signals, even in the presence of noise and interference.

Novelty and Inventive Step

The new claims introduce several novel and non-obvious features, including the use of machine learning for electrode configuration optimization, adaptive connectivity, and neural network-based filtering. These advancements significantly improve signal quality and noise reduction capabilities compared to the original patent.

Alternative Embodiments and Variations

Alternative embodiments of the inventive concept could include the use of different machine learning algorithms, such as swarm intelligence or deep learning, to optimize electrode configurations. Additionally, the system could be integrated with other health monitoring technologies, such as heart rate variability analysis or blood oxygen level monitoring, to provide a more comprehensive picture of a user's health.

Potential Commercial Applications and Market

The inventive concept has significant commercial potential in the healthcare and wearables industries, where high-quality ECG signal measurement is essential for accurate health monitoring and diagnosis. The technology could be integrated into various wearable devices, such as smartwatches or fitness trackers, or used in clinical settings for more accurate ECG measurements.

CPC Classifications

SectionClassGroup
A A61 A61B5/681
A A61 A61B5/0006
A A61 A61B5/282
A A61 A61B5/304
A A61 A61B5/316
A A61 A61B5/332
A A61 A61B5/7214
A A61 A61B2560/0468
A A61 A61B2562/0209

Field of Art

Biomedical signal processing and wearable medical device technologies, specifically focused on electrical signal measurement techniques for physiological monitoring, with expertise in electrode configuration, noise reduction, and signal filtering

Person of Ordinary Skill (PHOSITA) Profile

An electrical engineer or biomedical engineer with advanced training in signal processing, machine learning, sensor design, and medical device development, possessing knowledge of electrical signal acquisition techniques, neural network applications, and adaptive sensing technologies

Obviousness Rationale

A person having ordinary skill in the art would recognize that the PTD's machine learning and adaptive filtering techniques represent predictable extensions of the source patent's foundational electrical signal measurement methodology. The proposed variations leverage well-established signal processing principles and machine learning approaches that would be readily apparent to a skilled practitioner seeking to improve noise reduction and signal quality in electrode-based measurement systems. The incremental technological improvements demonstrate standard engineering problem-solving approaches within the domain of medical signal acquisition technologies.

Obvious Combinations & Variations

Source Patent Element
Measurement electrodes configured to contact a user's skin for obtaining electrical signals
PTD Variation
Dynamic spatial filtering using machine learning models to optimize electrode configurations
Obviousness Reasoning
A PHOSITA would recognize that applying machine learning techniques to electrode configuration represents a known method for improving signal quality through systematic noise reduction, utilizing predictable computational approaches
Source Patent Element
Multiple measurement electrodes on a wearable device surface
PTD Variation
Adaptive connectivity between measurement electrodes and controller based on environmental conditions
Obviousness Reasoning
Implementing adaptive sensing techniques is a standard engineering approach for improving signal reliability, representing an obvious design optimization for signal measurement systems
Source Patent Element
ECG waveform generation using multiple electrical leads
PTD Variation
Neural network-based filtering to identify and remove noise patterns from electrode signals
Obviousness Reasoning
Applying neural network techniques for signal denoising is a well-established signal processing method that would be considered a predictable solution for improving electrical signal measurement quality
Source Patent Element
Noise level assessment for measurement electrodes
PTD Variation
Real-time dynamic adjustment of spatial filtering based on noise level assessments
Obviousness Reasoning
Implementing closed-loop feedback mechanisms for signal quality improvement represents a standard engineering approach that would be obvious to a skilled practitioner seeking to optimize measurement systems
Source Patent Element
Wearable device with multiple measurement electrodes
PTD Variation
Swarm intelligence algorithms for dynamically reconfiguring electrode connectivity
Obviousness Reasoning
Utilizing advanced computational techniques for sensor optimization is a predictable extension of existing signal processing methodologies, representing a standard approach to improving measurement system performance
35 U.S.C. § 103 Summary: Based on the teachings of US Patent 11857341 and the disclosed technical variations, a person having ordinary skill in the art would find the proposed innovations obvious and lacking inventive merit. The incremental improvements in signal processing, machine learning integration, and adaptive sensing techniques represent predictable technological extensions that do not rise to the level of non-obvious innovation, thereby rendering potential patent claims obvious in light of the existing prior art.

Original Patent Information

Patent NumberUS 11,857,341
TitleSystems and methods of spatial filtering for measuring electrical signals
Assignee(s)Apple Inc.