Published Technical Disclosure Archive

Enhanced SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Composition and Delivery System

Publication ID: 24-11857620_0006_PTD
Published: October 28, 2025
Category:Direct Improvements & Enhancements

Legal Citation

pr1or.art Inc., “Enhanced SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Composition and Delivery System,” Published Technical Disclosure No. 24-11857620_0006_PTD, Published October 28, 2025, available at https://archive.pr1or.art/24-11857620_0006_PTD
This technical disclosure describes improvements that would be readily apparent to a Person Having Ordinary Skill In The Art (PHOSITA) when considered in combination with the foundational architecture disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 11,857,620.

Summary of the Inventive Concept

The present inventive concept relates to an improved vaccine composition and delivery system for inducing immunity against SARS-CoV-2, enhancing immunogenicity and efficiency through optimized spike and nucleocapsid protein sequences, endosomal targeting, and lipid nanoparticle encapsulation.

Background and Problem Solved

The original patent disclosed a method of inducing immunity against SARS-CoV-2 using spike and nucleocapsid immunogens delivered by a replication-defective adenovirus. However, the original patent had limitations in terms of immunogenicity and efficiency. The present inventive concept addresses these limitations by introducing optimized protein sequences, endosomal targeting, and lipid nanoparticle encapsulation to enhance the immune response and reduce the risk of adverse reactions.

Detailed Description of the Inventive Concept

The inventive concept comprises a replication-defective adenovirus vector encoding a CoV2 spike protein sequence optimized for cell surface expression and a nucleocapsid protein CoV2 nucleocapsid protein fused to an endosomal targeting sequence. The vector further comprises a nucleic acid encoding an adjuvant protein to enhance immunogenicity. The vaccine composition can be administered to a patient by delivery to nasal mucosa, in conjunction with an anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine injection. The lipid nanoparticle encapsulation enhances the transduction efficiency of the adenovirus vector, leading to a more efficient immune response.

Novelty and Inventive Step

The present inventive concept introduces several novel features, including the optimized spike and nucleocapsid protein sequences, endosomal targeting, and lipid nanoparticle encapsulation. These features are not obvious from the original patent and provide a significant improvement in immunogenicity and efficiency.

Alternative Embodiments and Variations

Alternative embodiments of the inventive concept include varying the type of adenovirus vector, the specific protein sequences, and the method of administration. Additionally, the inventive concept can be adapted for use with other viruses or diseases, providing a broad platform for vaccine development.

Potential Commercial Applications and Market

The inventive concept has significant commercial potential in the vaccine market, particularly in the context of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The improved immunogenicity and efficiency of the vaccine composition and delivery system make it an attractive solution for governments, healthcare organizations, and pharmaceutical companies seeking to develop effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.

CPC Classifications

SectionClassGroup
A A61 A61K39/215
A A61 A61K39/39
C C12 C12N15/86
A A61 A61K2039/545
A A61 A61K2039/55505
A A61 A61P31/14
C C12 C12N2710/10343
C C12 C12N2770/20022
C C12 C12N2770/20034

Field of Art

Vaccine development, immunology, and viral vector technologies, specifically focused on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine design and delivery systems. Requires expertise in molecular biology, protein engineering, immunological techniques, and viral vector optimization

Person of Ordinary Skill (PHOSITA) Profile

A skilled researcher with advanced degrees in virology, immunology, or molecular biology, experienced in vaccine design, protein modification, and viral vector technologies. Familiar with emerging COVID-19 vaccine strategies and capable of rational protein engineering and vector optimization

Obviousness Rationale

A person of ordinary skill would recognize that the PTD's modifications to the source patent represent predictable variations in vaccine design. The proposed enhancements of spike protein optimization, endosomal targeting, and lipid nanoparticle encapsulation are logical extensions of existing vaccine development strategies. These modifications represent incremental improvements that would be apparent to a skilled researcher working to enhance vaccine efficacy and delivery.

Obvious Combinations & Variations

Source Patent Element
Replication-defective adenovirus vector for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine delivery
PTD Variation
Adding endosomal targeting sequence to nucleocapsid protein to enhance cellular uptake
Obviousness Reasoning
Protein targeting strategies are well-known in molecular biology. A PHOSITA would recognize that enhancing cellular internalization is a predictable approach to improving vaccine efficiency
Source Patent Element
Vaccine composition with spike and nucleocapsid proteins
PTD Variation
Optimizing spike protein sequence for improved cell surface expression
Obviousness Reasoning
Protein sequence optimization is a standard technique in vaccine design. A skilled researcher would understand that improving protein expression is a routine engineering approach with predictable outcomes
Source Patent Element
Intranasal and injectable vaccine administration approach
PTD Variation
Adding lipid nanoparticle encapsulation to enhance vector transduction efficiency
Obviousness Reasoning
Lipid nanoparticle delivery is a known technique in vaccine development. A PHOSITA would recognize this as a logical method to improve vaccine vector performance
Source Patent Element
SARS-CoV-2 vaccine targeting mucosal immunity
PTD Variation
Incorporating an additional adjuvant protein to enhance immunogenicity
Obviousness Reasoning
Adjuvant development is a standard approach in vaccine design. A skilled researcher would view this as an obvious strategy to improve immune response
35 U.S.C. § 103 Summary: Based on the teachings of US Patent 11857620 and the disclosed technical variations, a person of ordinary skill in the art would find the claimed vaccine composition and delivery system obvious. The incremental modifications to viral vector design, protein engineering, and delivery mechanisms represent predictable variations that would be apparent to a skilled researcher seeking to optimize SARS-CoV-2 vaccine technologies.

Original Patent Information

Patent NumberUS 11,857,620
TitleMethod of inducing immunity against SARS-CoV-2 using spike (s) and nucleocapsid (N)-ETSD immunogens delivered by a replication-defective adenovirus
Assignee(s)ImmunityBio, Inc.