Next-Generation SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Platform

Publication ID: 24-11857620_0010_PTD
Published: October 28, 2025
Category:Future Evolutions & Paradigm Shifts

Legal Citation

pr1or.art Inc., “Next-Generation SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Platform,” Published Technical Disclosure No. 24-11857620_0010_PTD, Published October 28, 2025, available at https://archive.pr1or.art/24-11857620_0010_PTD
This technical disclosure describes improvements that would be readily apparent to a Person Having Ordinary Skill In The Art (PHOSITA) when considered in combination with the foundational architecture disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 11,857,620.

Summary of the Inventive Concept

A novel, personalized, and self-amplifying RNA-based vaccine platform for inducing immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants, featuring optimized spike and nucleocapsid proteins, nanoparticle-based adjuvants, and real-time immune response monitoring.

Background and Problem Solved

The original patent disclosed a method of inducing immunity against SARS-CoV-2 using spike and nucleocapsid immunogens delivered by a replication-defective adenovirus. However, this approach has limitations in terms of scalability, personalization, and adaptability to emerging variants. The new inventive concept addresses these limitations by introducing a self-amplifying RNA vaccine platform that can be tailored to individual patients and adapted to new variants.

Detailed Description of the Inventive Concept

The next-generation vaccine platform comprises a self-amplifying RNA vaccine encoding optimized spike and nucleocapsid proteins, which are designed for cell surface expression and endosomal targeting, respectively. The platform also incorporates nanoparticle-based adjuvants to enhance immunogenicity. Additionally, the system features real-time immune response monitoring, enabling personalized adjustments to the vaccine composition. This approach enables rapid adaptation to emerging variants and provides a scalable solution for global vaccine distribution.

Novelty and Inventive Step

The new inventive concept introduces several novel features, including the use of self-amplifying RNA vaccines, optimized spike and nucleocapsid proteins, nanoparticle-based adjuvants, and real-time immune response monitoring. These features provide a significant improvement over the original patent and enable a more effective and adaptable response to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Alternative Embodiments and Variations

Alternative embodiments of the inventive concept could include the use of different RNA vaccine formats, such as mRNA or saRNA, or the incorporation of additional immunogens, such as membrane protein or envelope protein. Variations could also include the use of different adjuvants or delivery methods, such as intramuscular injection or oral administration.

Potential Commercial Applications and Market

The next-generation SARS-CoV-2 vaccine platform has significant commercial potential in the global vaccine market, which is projected to reach $64 billion by 2027. The platform's adaptability to emerging variants and ability to provide personalized immunity make it an attractive solution for governments, healthcare organizations, and pharmaceutical companies seeking to combat the ongoing pandemic.

CPC Classifications

SectionClassGroup
A A61 A61K39/215
A A61 A61K39/39
C C12 C12N15/86
A A61 A61K2039/545
A A61 A61K2039/55505
A A61 A61P31/14
C C12 C12N2710/10343
C C12 C12N2770/20022
C C12 C12N2770/20034

Field of Art

Vaccine development and immunology, specifically focused on viral vaccines, RNA vaccine technologies, and immunization strategies for respiratory viruses like SARS-CoV-2

Person of Ordinary Skill (PHOSITA) Profile

A skilled researcher with expertise in molecular biology, virology, immunology, and vaccine design, possessing advanced degrees (PhD or equivalent), familiarity with RNA vaccine platforms, viral protein engineering, and immunization techniques

Obviousness Rationale

A person having ordinary skill in the art would recognize that the PTD represents a predictable extension of the source patent's core vaccine methodology, incorporating known techniques in RNA vaccine design, protein optimization, and personalized immunization strategies. The variations demonstrate incremental improvements using standard techniques in vaccine development, such as self-amplifying RNA, protein targeting sequences, and adaptive immunization approaches. These modifications would be considered routine engineering adaptations within the established vaccine development paradigm.

Obvious Combinations & Variations

Source Patent Element
Replication-defective adenovirus delivering SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins
PTD Variation
Self-amplifying RNA vaccine encoding optimized spike and nucleocapsid proteins with enhanced cellular targeting
Obviousness Reasoning
Substituting delivery mechanisms is a known technique in vaccine development, with predictable results in antigen presentation and immune response generation
Source Patent Element
Intranasal and intramuscular vaccination approach
PTD Variation
Personalized vaccine platform with real-time immune response monitoring and adaptive composition
Obviousness Reasoning
Implementing personalized medicine techniques is an obvious extension of existing vaccination strategies, representing a logical progression in precision immunization
Source Patent Element
Vaccine composition targeting mucosal immunity
PTD Variation
Nanoparticle-based adjuvants and endosomal targeting sequences to enhance immunogenicity
Obviousness Reasoning
Enhancing vaccine efficacy through adjuvant technologies and protein engineering represents a predictable optimization approach in vaccine design
Source Patent Element
SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid protein immunogens
PTD Variation
Optimized protein variants with improved cell surface expression and targeting capabilities
Obviousness Reasoning
Protein engineering to enhance immunogenic properties is a standard technique in vaccine development with expected incremental improvements
Source Patent Element
Vaccine delivery to nasal mucosa
PTD Variation
Advanced nasal spray device with integrated immune response monitoring sensor
Obviousness Reasoning
Incorporating diagnostic technologies into vaccine delivery represents an obvious technological integration using known engineering principles
35 U.S.C. § 103 Summary: Based on the teachings of US Patent 11857620 and the disclosed technical variations, a person having ordinary skill in the art would find the claimed vaccine platform innovations obvious and lacking inventive step. The incremental modifications to vaccine design, delivery, and personalization represent predictable variations within the established technological framework of SARS-CoV-2 immunization strategies, thereby rendering potential patent claims obvious and anticipatable as prior art.

Original Patent Information

Patent NumberUS 11,857,620
TitleMethod of inducing immunity against SARS-CoV-2 using spike (s) and nucleocapsid (N)-ETSD immunogens delivered by a replication-defective adenovirus
Assignee(s)ImmunityBio, Inc.